DIRECT AND INDIRECT CONSTRUCTION

DIRECT AND INDIRECT CONSTRUCTION
Direct – indirect

1. Sentence Type
There are three type :
a. Imperative
• Imperative Positive ( To + V1):
Example:
Aisyah said to Yusuf, “stay close with me!”
(+) Aisyah said to Yusuf to stay close with her.

• Imperative Negative ( Not to + V1)
Example:
Aisyah said to Yusuf, “don’t make me sad!”
(-) Aisyah said to Yusuf  not to make her sad.

NOTE: Imperative always uses the exclamation mark (!), to change imperative form into direct sentence we have to change the exclamation mark (!) into dot (.)

b. Declarative Sentence
• Present
Present = present
Example:
Yusuf says to Aisyah, “ I love you so much”.
 Yusuf says to Aisyah that he loves her so much.

• Past Tense
Past = naik satu tingkat

Past perfect

Past tense

Present tense

Example:
Aisyah said to Yusuf, “ I loved you too”.
 Aisyah said to Yusuf that she had loved him too.

c. Interrogative sentence
• Yes / No questions :
 If / whether
 Naik satu tingkat
 Sentences Pattern (+)
Example:
Yusuf asked to Aisyah, “ will you marry me?”
 Yusuf asked to Aisyah if / whether she would marry him.

• Wh / h questions
 Wh / h
 Naik satu tingkat
 Sentences sentence
Example:
Aisyah asked Yusuf, “ where did you buy the ring?”
 Aisyah asked Yusuf where he had bought the ring.

Adverbial of time
Now           =  then
This            = that
Yesterday   = the day before / the previous day
Tomorrow  = the day after / the following day
Last            = previous

Posted by:
1. Muzaedah      (153221097)
2. Dwi Martanto (153221099)
3. Lailatun Nikmah (15322101)
4. Dina Tri Nur Jayanti (153221102)