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INSTITUT
AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI SURAKARTA
FAKULTAS
ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN
2016
Apples:
Health Benefits, Facts, Research
Written
by Joseph Nordqvist
Last updated: Tue 12 January 2016
"An apple a day keeps the doctor away" is an old
Welsh proverb that most of us are familiar with, but what makes this fruit so
special? What health benefits are
associated with eating apples? As one of the most cultivated and
consumed fruits in the world, apples are continuously being praised as a
"miracle food". In fact, apples were ranked first in Medical News
Today's featured article about the top
10 healthy foods.
Apples are extremely rich in important antioxidants, flavanoids, and dietary fiber. The
phytonutrients and antioxidants in apples may help reduce the risk of
developing cancer, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease. This article provides a
nutritional profile of the fruit and its possible health benefits. It also
discusses the possible risks and precautions and some frequently asked
questions.
Possible health benefits of apples
Apples contain almost no fat, sodium or cholesterol.
A collection of research studies suggests that apples may
well be one of the most healthy foods for you to include in your daily diet.
Let's take a look at the studies and the possible health benefits suggested by
them:
1) Improving
neurological health
A 2006 study published in the
journal Experimental Biology and Medicine found that quercetin (one of
the antioxidants found abundantly in apples) was one of two compounds that helped
to reduce cellular death that is caused by oxidation and inflammation of neurons. Another study presented at the same conference
and published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease suggested that apple
juice consumption may increase the production in the brain of the essential
neurotransmitter acetylcholine, resulting in improved memory among mice who
have Alzheimer's-like symptoms. It should be noted that both studies were
funded by unrestricted grants provided by the U.S. Apple Association and Apple
Products Research and Education Council.
2)
Preventing dementia
A study published in the Journal
of Food Science in 2008 suggested that eating
apples may have benefit for your neurological health. The researchers found that
including apples in your daily diet may protect neuron cells against oxidative
stress-induced neurotoxicity and may play an important role in reducing the
risk of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's
disease.
3)
Reducing your risk of stroke
A study involving 9,208 men and
women showed that those who ate the most apples over a 28-year period had the
lowest risk for stroke. The researchers concluded that the
intake of apples is related to a decreased risk of thrombotic stroke.4
4)
Lowering levels of bad cholesterol
A group of researchers at The
Florida State University stated that apples are a "miracle fruit".
They found that older women who ate apples everyday had
23% less bad cholesterol (LDL) and 4% more good cholesterol (HDL) after just six months.
5)
Reducing your risk of diabetes
Apples could also help lower your
risk of diabetes. A study involving 187,382 people found that people
who ate three servings per week of apples, grapes, raisins, blueberries or pears had a 7% lower risk of
developing type 2 diabetes compared to those who did not.
6)
Warding off breast cancer
There is growing evidence suggesting
that an
apple a day may help prevent breast cancer, according to a series of studies conducted by prominent
Cornell researcher Rui Hai Liu. Liu said her research adds to "the growing
evidence that increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, including apples,
would provide consumers with more phenolics, which are proving to have
important health benefits. I would encourage consumers to eat more and a wide
variety of fruits and vegetables daily."
7)
Obesity
In a study published in the journal Food
Chemistry in 2014, a team of researchers analyzed how the bioactive
compounds of seven different varieties of apples - Granny Smith, Braeburn,
Fuji, Gala, Golden Delicious, McIntosh and Red Delicious - affected
the good gut bacteria of diet-induced obese mice.
The researchers found that, compared with all other apple
varieties, Granny Smiths appeared to have the most beneficial effect on good
gut bacteria. They suggest that their findings may lead to strategies that
prevent obesity and its associated disorders. Recent developments on the benefits of apples
from MNT news , An
apple a day is just as effective as statins in preventing vascular death. Researchers from the University of
Oxford in the UK found that eating an apple everyday could be just as effective
as statins in preventing vascular deaths among people over 50.
THE
The as
definite article is used before singular and plural nouns when the noun is specific
or particular. The signals that the noun is definite, that it refers to a
particular member of a group.
EXAMPLE
: “The
researchers
found that including apples in in your daily diet may protect neuron cells
against oxidative stress-induced …”
Here,
we're talking about a specific researchers, the researchers that including apples in
your daily diet may protect neuron cells against oxidative stress-induced
.
— Here's
another way to explain it: The is used to refer to a specific or particular
member of a group. For example, "I just saw the most popular movie of
the year." There are many movies, but only one particular movie is the
most popular. Therefore, we use ‘the.”
— Something
unique/ When there is only one thing mentioned such
as Eg: “The phytonutrients and antioxidants in
apples…”
— When
it is clear both the speaker and the listener which thing or person is referred
to E.g: Could you open the door please? ( both the speaker and the
listener know which door it is).
— Before
a noun mentioned for the second time
E.g:
A bird flew into the classroom. The bird sat on my desk.
— Before
superlatives adjectives
E.g : ”…one of the
most healthy foods for you to include in your daily diet”
·
Before ordinal numbers (the
definite article is not used with cardinal numbers):
Ordinal Cardinal
The first One
The second day Day two
The sixth lesson Lesson six
— Before
names of countries, states, cities, universities, colleges, and school, that
contain the word of, and before countries that have a plural name or have an
adjective in the name, except for Great
Britain:
“Researchers from the University of
Oxford in the UK found that…”
Article “A”
·
a
+ singular noun beginning with a consonant:
E.g
: “…..a day may help prevent breast…..”
·
a
+ singular noun beginning with a consonant sound: a
user (sounds like 'yoo-zer,' i.e. begins with a consonant 'y' sound, so 'a'
is used); a university; a unicycle
- a + nouns starting with a pronounced "h": a horse
·
"A"
is used to refer to a non-specific
or non-particular member of the group.
E.g
: "I
would like to go see a movie." Here,
we're not talking about a specific movie. We're talking about any
movie. There are many movies, and I want to see any movie. I don't have
a specific one in mind.
— In
some cases where "h" is pronounced, such as "collection,".
However, a is more commonly used and preferred.
“….A collection of research studies
suggests that apples….”
- A are also used when talking about your profession,
examples: a builder
Article
“AN”
- an + nouns starting with silent "h": an hour
- an + singular noun beginning with a vowel:
E.g : “….an
old Welsh proverb that most of us are…”
- A and an are also used when talking about your profession,examples: an english teacher
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