preposition by kelompok 1 PBI/1B

Kelompok 1 

Salma Damayanti 

Mella Rusdiyanti Elsa Putri

Urfidha Letjar Iryanti

Dini Antika Nurfitrya

Inung Fidi Astuti

class : 1B/PBI

Preposition

Prepositions are word that show a connection between other words. Most prepositions are little words like at, in and on. Prepositional phrases are groups of words, such as out of and on top of.

Some words can be used either as prepositions are as adverbs. If the word is followed by a noun or a pronoun, it is a preposition.

Look at the these pairs of example. In each of the sentences marked preposition, there is a noun or pronoun is called the object of the preposition. Notice that objects are printed in color.

She put her hand  inside      my bag

        Ù               Ù

Preposition      Noun

It was raining, so they decided to stay  inside

     Ù

Adverb  

His friends walked past him without speaking

         Ù            Ù

Preposition      Noun  

A car drove past at high speed

          Ù

     Adverb

John’s house is cross the street

    Ù           Ù

        Preposition   Noun

They got into the boat and rowed cross

        Ù

   Adverb

Water was running down the walls

Ù           Ù

   Preposition    Noun

He tripped over his shoelaces and fell down

    Ù

Adverb 

Prepositions of Place

Ø  Some prepositions show where something happens. They are called preposition of place.

-          Sally was sitting under a tree

-          There’s a wooden floor underneath the carpet

-          Some geese flew over their house

-          John and Sarah were hiding inside the wardrobe

-          There was a tree beside the river

-          I have a friend who lives in Wyoming

-          A big truck parked in front of their car

-          The cat jumped on top of the cupboard

-          One girl sits in the middle of the playground and the others dance round her

Prepositions of Time

Ø  Show prepositions show when something happens. They are called prepositions of time.

-          School start at nine o’clock

-          I brush my teeth in the morning and at night

-          We’re going to the zoo on Saturday

-          No, you can’t watch a video

-          It’s past your bedtime already

-          I visited my grandparents during the summer

-          You must finish the work by Friday

-          I’ll do my homework before dinner

-          “Mom, can you help me with my homework?” “Not now. You’ll have to wait until this afternoon”.

Prepositions of Direction

Ø  Some prepositions show where something is going. They are called prepositions of direction

-          The boys chased after each other

-          The football rolled down the hill

-          A man was walking his dog along the riverbank

-          The freeway goes right through the city

-          We were travelling towards Miami

-          A girl went past them from the stadium

-          The watched the train pull out of the station

Prepositions with Special Uses

Ø  Many prepositions are used in other ways. Here are some of them.

v  Of

-          I bought a bag of rice and a quart of milk

-          Would you like a glass of orange juice?

-          Kathleen is a member of the chess club

-          I need three pieces of paper

-          Most of the children in my class like school

-          There are several ways of cooking meat

v  Of

-          I made this bookmark for Mom

-          Is three room for me on this seat?

-          I’d like a new computer for Christmas

-          We’re going downtown for a meeting

-          What’s this bag for?

-          This word is too difficult for me to spell

v  With

-          He pounds nails inn with a hammer

-          Mix the flour with water

-          She painted the picture with her new paints

-          Would you like to come with us to the arcade?

-          I can do difficult problems with help from Mom

-          Who is the man with the beard?

-          Michael came home with dirty hands

-          Cross the busy street with care

v  Except and instead of

-          I like all kinds of food except pasta

-          Everyone likes chocolate except Tom

-          We go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday

-          You should eat fruit instead of candy

-          Dad is coming to the theater with us instead of Mom

-          We could watch TV instead of reading our books

v  Like, as and than

The words like, as and than are used to compare things

-          Kathleen looks like her dad

-          Andrew smiles like his mother

-          Peter sings like a professional singer

-          Are these shoes the same as those?

-          Sue is nearly as tall as the teacher

-          My backpack is bigger than John’s

-          Dad is taller than all of us

-          This painting is more beautiful than that one

-          The neighborhood street are less busy than downtown street

Prepositions with Adjectives, Verbs or Nouns

Ø  Prepositions are used with some adjectives. The adjectives in these examples are printed in color

-          Dad was angry with us

-          We were afraid of the big dog

-          She’s not very interested in sports

-          John is very good at drawing

-          Mr. Lee is pleased with our work

-          The teachers are always kind to us

-          What’s wrong with the computer?

Ø  Prepositions are used with the some verbs. the verbs in these examples are printed in color

-          I’m looking for my pencil. Have you seen it?

-          Can you think of another word for pleased?

-          Does this book belong to you?

-          We’re listening to CDs. I agree with you

-          I lent my skateboard to Sue

-          Tell me about the show you saw

-          Cut the cake into five pieces

-          They borrowed money from the bank

Ø  Prepositions are used with some nouns. The nouns in these examples are printed in color

-          What’s the answer to this question?

-          Is there reason for this delay?

-          What’s the matter with you?

-          Here’s an example of good behavior

-          Congratulations on winning the competition!

-          Traffic can cause damage to the environment                                                           

RESUME VERB AND TENSES kelompok 1 class 1-C

                                     Basic English Grammar

                                           

   

                                          RESUME VERB AND TENSES

“Global Warming and the solutions”

Dosen : Novianni Anggraini, M.Pd

Disusun oleh :

1.       ANISA MIFTA RISKI UTAMI (163221071/1C)

2.       ZAKIYA MAIDAYANA             (163221072/1C)

3.       INDAH SARI IKAHASAFITRI (163221073/1C)

4.       MUHMAD ALI AKBAR               (163221074/1C)

5.       IIN NURCHASANAH                    (163221075/1C)

6.       ESTIEN ANGGRAENI                  (163221076/1C)

7.       ZULFA AINAL M.M                      (163221104/1C)

PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS

FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN

IAIN SURAKARTA

TAHUN PELAJARAN 2016/2017

Global Warming and the solutions

Global Warming became the most hot issue in entire the world. The effect of Global Warming is very dangerous for the environment. But, there are still a lot of people who think about the global warming as just the issue and it is never make an effect to our Earth in the future. Though, there are a lot of signs from the nature that arise as the bad effect of Global warming.

The increasing sea levels has been occured in many areas in this world.  This increase happened because of the melting of the ice in the north polar. It cause of the world too hot, and make the ice in the north polar become melting. Beside of that, we can see a lot of hurricanes, thunders, and tornado in the world with easily. Global Warming make the farms get the failure and it make reduce the foods supplies.

The cause of global warming

Generally, there are a lot of reasons that can make global warming. The use of excessive fossil fuels too much because of the vehicles are increasing is the main reason. Besides that, livestock and agriculture also have contribution such as using excessive methane gas as the fertilizers.

The chemicals in fertilizers can not only damage the air lining, but also the waters, soils, and production of the food.  Besides that, the reasons why global warming happen is because the factor of deforestation (land clearing) in big scale to make the public facilities, such as road, school, hospital, and another buildings.

The solutions to minimize global warming

To reduce the effect of global warming which happened, you can try to do these tips: First, choose the energy saving lamps as the lighting in your house. Energy saving lamps have more expensive than the general lamps, but the energy which is needed to light up is smaller than general lamps. Beside of that, this lamp is more durable.

Second, do not forget to turn off the lamps when they were not in use again. When paying the bills, you will choose to pay online. This method is more econimal than pay directly. You can reduce the using paper which is used as noted invoice. You can save the fuels of your vehicles because you are not need to use your vehicles as when pay directly.

Third, laptops and computer are the most things which is used in daily in every house. You should turn off this device when they are not in use too. And You can choose to do not use the

screen saver to save the energy.

The result of analysis :

§  Became, think, arise, make, damage, happened, reduce, occurred, try, do, choose, saving, needed, forget, paying, save, use, used, pay  :  this are some common action verbs. Most verbs describe actions,so they are called action verbs. Action verbs tell what people or thing are doing

§  Signs : used to when the subject of the verb is not you or the person you are speaking to, but some other person – a third person – or a thing. This form of the verb is called the Third Person Singular. The person singular verbs that end in s.

§  Supplies : used to make the third person singular form of most verbs than end y change to an I then add es.

RESUME ADVERB / 1C

MATA KULIAH BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR

“ADVERB”

Dosen Pengampu :NovianniAnggraini, S. Pd, M. Pd

DisusunOleh :

1.        WahyudinSaptohadi        (163221084/PBI 1C)

2.        Rifki Al Qonita                (1633221085/PBI 1C)

3.        HelanggitaNourma G.      (163221086/PBI 1C)

4.        FeraPujiyanti                   (163221087/PBI 1C)

5.        NoviaNurRahmawati       (163221088/PBI 1C)

6.        NurulHikmah                   (163221089/PBI 1C)

7.        NoviaAnnafi’                     (16221106/PBI 1C)

INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI SURAKARTA

FAKULTAS ILMU TARBIYAH DAN KEGURUAN

2016

BASIC FACTS ABOUT SEA TURTLES

Sea turtles are one of the Earth's most ancient creatures. The seven species that can be found today have been around for 110  million years, since the time of the dinosaurs. The sea turtle's shell, or "carapace" is streamlined for swimming through the water. Unlike other turtles, sea turtles cannot retract their legs and head into their shells. Their color varies between yellow, greenish and black depending on the species.What sea turtles eat depends on the subspecies, but some common items include jellyfish, seaweed, crabs, shrimp, sponges, snails, algae and mollusks.It is difficult to find population numbers for sea turtles because male and juvenile sea turtles do not return to shore once they hatch and reach the ocean, which makes it hard to keep track of them.  On land , turtles walk on the tip of their toes and move quite slowly , but in watera turtles smooth shell and webbed feet allow it to move more fastly.

Green sea turtles can stay under water for as long asfive hourseven though the length of a feeding dive is usually five minutes or less. Their heart rate slows to conserve oxygen: nine minutes may elapse between heartbeats.Sea turtles are found in all warm and temperate waters throughout the worldand migrate hundreds of miles between nesting and feeding grounds. Most sea turtles undergo long migrations, some as far as 1400 miles, between their feeding grounds and the beaches where they nest.Sea turtles spend most of their lives in the water, where not much information can be gathered on their behavior. Most of what is known about sea turtle behavior is obtained by observing hatchlings and females that leave the water to lay eggs. Sea turtles, like salmon, will return to the same nesting grounds at which they were born. When females come to the shore they dig out a nest in the ground with their back flippers, bury their clutch of eggs and return to the ocean. After hatching, the young may take as long as a week to dig themselves out of the nest. They emerge at night, move toward the ocean and remain there, solitary, until it is time to mate.

Reproduction

Temperature: Temperatures of the sand where the turtles nest determine the sex of the turtle: below 85 degrees Fahrenheit (30ºC) is predominately male; above 85 degrees Fahrenheit (30ºC) is predominately female.

Mating Season: March-October depending on the species.

Gestation: 6-10 weeks.

Clutch size: Between 70-190 eggs depending on the species.

When the young hatch out of their eggs, they make their way to the ocean. Few survive to adulthood

What is an adverb ?

·         Adverbs are words like slowly,tomorrow,now,soon and  suddenly. An adverbs usually modifies a verb or verb phrase. It provides information about the manner,place or circumstances of the activity denoted by the verb phrase.

1.       Dodit walked fastly

( here the adverbs fastly shows the manner in which she walked )

2.       The kids love playing in the sandbox

(here the adverbs  sandbox provides information about the places of the activity )

Types of adverb

·        Adverb of manner

Some adverbs and adverb phrases describe the way people do things. They answer theb question “how?”

The adverb of manner has the most characteristic adverbial form (an-ly suffix added to a descriptive adjective )

Example :1.  turtles walk on the tip of their toes and move quite slowly.

2 .in water a turtles smooth shell and webbed feet allow it to move more fastly.

      3 .She stared at me curiously

·        Adverbof place

Some adverbs and adverb phrases describe the way people do things. They answer theb question “how?”

Among the adverb place and directions  some prepositional forms appearing after the verb. The adverb of directions are sthraight , west, here, right,left , etc.

Example :1. they make their way to the ocean

                        2 She always look down

                        3 .my boss is out

                        4 ..Sea turtles are found in all warm and temperate waters throughout the world

                                       

·        Adverb of time

Some adverbs and adverb phrases answer the question “when ?”

1.      Definite time

These adverb have a fixed boundary in time. Most of these adverb have noun form and some may used in plural form.

Example :1 .lets begin to work now .

                  2 .the post man comes daily.

                  3 .even though the length of a feeding dive is usually five minutes or less

2.      Indefinite time

These types of time hasno fixed boundary in time.

Example :1. They will call me soon

                  2 .nowadays the laptop price raises

·        Adverb of frequency

Some adverb and adverbs phrases answer the question “how often ?” they are called adverb of frequency.

Example :1 . I often forgot her name

            2 . I have told you twice

            3 .The seven species that can be found today have been around for 110  million years

·        Adverb of duration

some adverbs and adverb phrases “how long” they are called adverbs of duration.

Example : 1 . he comes every twice a day

            2 .they were briefly occupied

            3 .Green sea turtles can stay under water for as long as five hours

·        Adverb of emphasis

We have seen that most adverbs describe verbs , but remember that some adverb also describe adjectives or other adverbs they are usually used to add emphasis. Includeabsolutely ,clearly ,naturally , positively , really .

Example :1 . it is surely not the only one

            2 .she is look like naturally