Wednesday 16 November 2016

VERB and TENSES by first group of class 1B / PBI

KELOMPOK 1
1.      SALMA DAMAYANTI
2.      MELLA RUSDIYANTI ELSA PUTRI
3.      URFIDHA LETJAR IRYANTI
4.      DINI ANTIKA NURFITRYA
5.      INUNG FIDI ASTUTI
CLASS 1B/PBI
Verb and Tenses

Most verb describe actions, so they are called action verb. Action verb tell people or thing are doing. Here are common action verbs:

Drink               look                 jump                swim                fall
Eat                   shout               walk                throw               climb
Laugh              run                   sit                    catch                dance

Subject and Verb Agreement
when you use a verb, you have to say who or what is doing the action. This ‘who or what’ is the subject of the verb. The subject and the verb match each other. You say that the subject and the verb agree when the match each other.

Ø  Use a singular verb if the subject is a singular noun. For example, the subjects ‘my dad’ or ‘our school’, or any the pronouns he, she, or it, require a singular verb. Most singular verbs end in s. look at the subjects and their verb in these examples. The subjects are in bold and the verbs in color.

-          He always drinks milk when he’s hot.
-          She eat banana for breakfast.
-          Mom walk to work every day.
-          My sister dances like a professional dancer.
-          The baby falls when she tries to walk.
-           Our cat climb the trees in our garden.
-           
This form of the verb is called the third person singular. You use it when the subject of the verb is not you or the person you are speaking to, but some other person-a third person- or a thing.

Here are some more third person singular verbs that end in s.
Plays                sing                  shines              rides                smiles
Draws              paints               blows               thinks              stops
Reads              rains                 travels              talk                  starts

Ø  The third person singular form of the some verbs is made by adding es at the end. Some examples are verbs that end in sh, ch, ss, x, zz, and o.
Brushes                       watches                                    kisses               fixes
Rushes                         reaches                                    misses              mixes
Polishes                       teaches                                    passes              buzzes
Crashes                        catches                                    presses             does    
Washes                        touches                                    dresses              goes

Here are some sentences with verbs in their third person singular form. The subjects are in bold and the verbs are in color.
-          Dad polishes his shoes until they shine.
-          My brother watches television after school.
-          Kim catches the ball with one hand.
-          Dad mixes flour and water when he makes bread.
-          The bee buzzes around the flowers.
-          My friend Sanjay goes to the same school as I do.

Ø  How do you make the third person singular form of the most verbs that end in y?
Usually, you just change the y to an i and then add es.

Carry-carries                hurry-hurries                copy-copies
Cry-cries                      fly-flies                        marry-marries
Study-studies              worry-worries              bully-bullies

-          A cat carries its kitten with this mouth
-          Mr. Chen hurries to work every morning
-          The baby cries a lot at night
-          This plane flies to the island every day
-          Alice tries hard at school
-          She copies all the question in her notebook
-           
Ø  Some verbs that end in y  have a vowel before the y. Just add an s at the end of these words to make the third person singular form.

Buy-buys         say-says                       pray-prays
Play-plays        annoy-annoys              stay-stays 

-          Mom buys bread at the supermarket
-          Mr. Carter pays all his bills with a credit card
-          My friend says he has a salt-water aquarium
-          She annoys me with her silly jokes
-          Anna stays with her aunt on weekends
-           
Ø  If the subject of a verb is a plural noun, such as “Mom and Dad” or “our teacher”, use a plural verb. Do not add s, es or ies to plural verbs. Plural verbs are also use with the pronouns I, we, you, and they.

-          Mom and Dad love us
-          My sister listen to music a lot
-          The stars shine brightly on a clear night
-          Some people drink  tea
-          I like juicy hamburgers
-          We learn interesting thing at school
-          You all know the words to this song, children
-          They always walk home from school together
Ø  Suppose the subject of a noun refers to a group of people. Depending on the meaning of the sentence, you may use either a singular or plural verb.

-          The audience was enjoying the play
-          The audience have all gone home
-          The class has thirty students
-          The class are handing in their papers
-          The band is performing until midnight
-          The band were arguing among themselves.

*      Notes : words that refer to group of people or animals are called collective nouns. Here are some more examples:
Crowd             committee       herd
Crew               litter                 flock



Transitive and Intransitive Verbs

Ø  Some verbs have an subject. The object of a verb is the person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb. Look at the sentence:
        Alice                    eats                  a banana for breakfast
Ù                      Ù                                Ù
The subject                  The verb is                   The object is
does the                       the action                    affected by
action                          word                            the action

The subject of the verb is Alice. She is the person who does the action: she eats. The object of the verb is a banana. A banana is affected by the action of the verb. So in this sentence, the object of the verb ‘eat’ is ‘a banana’. Verbs that have objects are called transitive verb.

Here are some sentences with transitive verbs. the verbs are printed in bold and their objects are printed in color.

-          John likes apples
-          Sam knows the answer to the question
-          My sister cooks all our meals
-          My brother rides his bike in the street
-          Dad buys tea at the market
-          Mom writes stories in her spare time

Ø  Some verbs don’t have an object. A verb that does not have object is called an intransitive verb. Here are some sentences with intransitive verbs.
-          In China, lots of people walk to work
-          The boys play in yard after school
-          Mr. Carter always driver very carefully
-          Doris is a very successful businesswomen
-          Michael and I both entered the race
-          He won but I lost

Ø  Some verbs can be either transitive or intransitive. Notice that the transitive meaning and are sometimes different.

Transitive verbs
-          The pilot flies the plane very well
-          The boys play football on weekends
-          My mom runs her own company
-          We walk the dog every evening

Intransitive verb
-          Eagles fly high in the sky
-          The boy play in the yard on weekends
-          My mom runs in the park for fun
-          We walk on the beach every evening

Other intransitive verbs have different forms for transitive use
Intransitive                 transitive
Lie                               lay                   the book is lying on the table
                                                            He laid the book on the table
Rise                             raise                 the sun rises in the east
                                                            The student raised his hand
Sit                                set                    please sit down

                                                            She set the chair in the corner

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