Auxiliary Verbs

Name:

1.         Nunik maslakhah (163221043)

2.         Linggar Samukti Triwikrama (163221044)

3.         Sartika Sri Rahayu (163221046)

4.         Tanti Nur Khasanah (163221047)

5.         Laila Isrofa (163221053)

(PBI 1B)

Auxiliary Verbs

Auxiliary (or helping) verbs are used together with a main verb to show the verb’s tense ar to form a negative or question. The most common auxiliary verbs are have, be, and do.

Does Sam write all his own report?

The secretaries haven’t written all the latters yet

Terry is writing an e-mail to a client at the moment

They perform their functions in several different ways:

-        By expressing tense providing a time reference, i.e past, present, or future)

-        Grammatical aspect (expresses how verb relates to the flow of time)

-        Modality (quantifies verbs)

-        Voice (describes the relationship between the action expressed by the verb and the participants identified by the verb’s subject, object, etc)

-        Adds emphasis to a sentence

Auxiliary verbs almost always appear together with a main verb, and though there are only a few of them, they are among the most frequently accuring verbs in the English language.

Identify an Auxiliary Verb

Jerry slammed the car door on his thumb. He is in horrible pain.

“Is” is a linking verb in this sentence. Because it stands alone, it is not an auxiliary verb.

Jerry caught his thumb in the car door as cpffee spilled from his cup onto his favorite shirt.

Jerry always spilling things.

Since Jerry is also accident prone, he should have been drinking coffee from a mug with a lid, which would not have spilled on his favorite shirt.

In the sentece one, caught and spilled, single-word verbs, describe quick, one-time actions of both Jerry and his messy coffee. This sentence does not contain an auxiliary verb.

Since Jerry often has unfortunate accidents, is spilling communicates the frequency of his clumsy actions in sentences two. In sentence three, the auxiliary verbs that make up should have been drinking and would have stained express time relationship as well as an evaluation of Jerry’s actions.

Three  Common Auxiliary Verbs

There are just three common auxiliary verbs:

Have

Do

Be

In this section, we’ll take a closer look at how these common verbs work, plus you’ll see some examples.

Have

Have is very important verb that can stand alone in all its tenses, including has, have, having, had and hadn’t. It is usually used to denote ownership, and it can also be used to discuss ability or describe appearance. Have is also a very popular substitute for the verbs eat and drink. For example “Let’s have dinner”.

When used as an auxiliary verb, have is always teamed up with another veb to create a complete verbs phrase, making it easy to differentiate between uses. You can see the difference in the sentences below:

Jerry has a large coffee staun on his shirt -> has = action verb

Jerry has bought a new shirt to replace the one that was ruined earlier. -> has = auxiliary verb, bough is a past participle that completes the verb phrase.

Jerry should have been more careful! -> have = auxiliary verb, phrase “should have been” expreses time and evaluates Jerry’s actions.

Do

Do can be used as an action verb that stand aloe in all its tenses, including to do, do, does, done did, and didn’t, doesn’t or didn’t.

Because he spills things so often, Jerry does more laundry than most people. Does = action verb.

Jerry didn’t put his coffee in a cup with a lid,. Didn’t = auxiliary verb.

Jerry doesn’t always spills things, but it happens a lot. Doesn’t = auxiliary verb.

Be

Be or to be is an important verb that has a multitude of uses in English. It can be used as an action verb that stands alone in all its tenses including be, to be, been, am, are, is, was, were, wasn’t, was not aren’t, aren’t, weren’t.

Whwn used  as an auxiliary verb, be is always paired with another verb to create a complete verb phrase. It can be singular or plural, present or past. Negative sentence are formed by adding the word “not”.

Jerry is messy. Is = action verb

Although he is always complaining about his accidents, Jerry fails to pay attention. Is = auxiliary verb.

Jerry going to be doing extra laundry for the rest of his life. To be = auixiliary verb.

Modal Auxiliary Verb

In addition to the three main auxiliary verbs, have, do and be, three are additional auxiliary verbs. Three are called modal auxiliary verbs, and they never change form. A complete list of modal auxiliary verbs follows:

Can

Could

May

Might

Must

Ought to

Shall

Should

Will

Would

Auxiliary Verb Examples

Jessica is taking John to the airport.

Is he doesn’t arrive on time, he’ll have to take a later flight.

Unfortunately, our dinner has been eaten by the dog

I have purchased a new pair of shoes to replace the ones that were lost in my luggage.

We hope you don’t have an accident on your wayto school.

She was baking a pie for dessert.

Dad has been working hard all day.

The bad was made as soon as I got up.

Sarag doesn’t ski or roller skate.

Did Matthew bring coffe?