- Nunik maslakhah (163221043)
- Linggar Samukti Triwikrama (163221044)
- Sartika Sri Rahayu (163221046)
- Tanti Nur Khasanah (163221047)
- Laila Isrofa (163221053)
(PBI 1B)
Adjectives
Adjectives describe
nouns and pronouns. They give you more information about people, place, and
things.
Kinds
of Adjectives
Þ
Some adjectives tell about the size of
people or things.
A
big house
A
large army
A
huge ship
A
tall building
Þ
Some adjectives tell about the color
things.
A
red carpet
A
white swan
A
blue uniform
A
gray suit
Þ
Some adjectives tell what people or
things are like by describing their quality.
A
beautiful woman
A
handsome boy
A
poor family
A
rich couple
Þ
Some adjectives tell what things are
made of. They refer to substances.
A
plastic folder
A
paper bag
A
cotton shirt
A
jade ring
Þ
Some adjectives are made from proper
nouns of place. These adjectives are called adjectives of origin.
A
Mexican hat
A
French flag
A
American custom
A
Indian temple
The order of adjectives
Þ
Sometimes several adjectives are used to
describe a single noun or pronoun. When you use two or more adjectives, the
usual order is: size, quality, color, origin, subance. For example:
A small
green plastic box
Size color subtance
A stylish red Italian car
Quality color origin
Here
are more examples.
A
large Indian temple
A
colorful cotton shirt
Delicious
Spanish food
Þ
Adjectives of quality sometimes come
before adjectives of size.
For
example:
Beautiful
long hair elegant short
hair
But
adjectives of size always come before adjectives of color.
For
example:
Beautiful
long black hair elegant
short red hair
If
you use any adjective of subtance, it come after the color adjective.
For
example:
A
beautiful long black silk dress
Adjectives Endings
Adjectives
have many different endings.
Þ
Some adjectives end in –full.
These adjectives describe noun or pronouns that are full of something or have a
lot of something.
A
beautiful ace
A
cheerful baby
A
powerful machine
Þ
Some adjectives end in –ous
A
famous writer
A
mountainous area
A
dangerous job
Þ
Some adjectives end in-y.
A
messy room
A
sleepy dog
A
muddy path
An
easy test
Ø
Some adjectives end in-less. These adjectves describe a person or thing
that does not have something.
A
cloudless sky
A
careless driver
A
useless tool
Ø Some
adjectives end in-al.
A
National flag
Musical
instruments
A
electrical goods
A
traditional costume
Ø Here
are some adjectives that end in-ic,-ish,-ible,-able,-ive, and -ly.
A
fantastic singer
A
selfish act
A
terrible
Comfortable
clothes
An
imaginative story
Friendly
teacher
Ø Many
adjectives end in-ing.
An
interesting book a gleaming car a boring story
|
NOTES
Words like smiling, caring, and flashing are present participles of
verbs. They are formed by adding ing to the verbs. Many present
participles can also be used as adjectives.
|
Ø Many
of adjectives end in-ed.
A
closed door
Boiled
eggs
Wasted
time
Excited
studdents
Describing What Something Is Made Of
Some nouns can be used like adjectives. For example,
if you have a chair that is made of plastic, you can use the noun plastic as an
adjective and say that chair is a plastic chair. If you have a watch that is
made of gold, you can say it is a gold watch.
But the nouns wood and wool cannot be used like
this. To make adjective of these nouns you have to add -en.
Noun Adjective Example
Wood wooden a wooden door
Wool
woolen a woolen jumper
Describing What Something Is Like
There’s another way to make adjectives from nouns.
Suppose you want to say that something is like certain material,
although not made of it to make this adjective, add -en to some nouns
and -y to other nouns.
Noun Adective Example
Gold Golden a golden sunrise (=bright yellow
like gold)
Silk Silky or silken silky skin (=as soft as silk)
Lead Leaden a leaden sky (=dark gray like the
color of lead)
The comparison of adjectives
Ø the
comparative form
To compare two people or things, use the
comparative form of an adjective. The comparative form is usually made by
adding -er to the adjective.
Adjective Comparative form
Dark Darker
Light Lighter
High Higher
Low Lower
|
NOTES
The word than is
often used to compare two things or people. For example, you say:
Mr.Lee is taller than
Philip.
A car is faster than
a bike.
|
Ø The
superlative form
When
you compare three or more people or things, use the superlative form of
an adjective. The superlative form is usually made by adding est to the
adjective.
NOTES
The word THE the
often used before the superlative form. For example Abee is small insect. A
ladybird is smaller, but an ant is the smallest.
Ø If
the adjective ends is e , add r to form the comparlative and st to form superlative.
Adjective Comparlative Superlative
Nice nicer Nicest
Close closer Closest
Large larger Largest
Ø Suppose
the adjective is a short word taht end in a consonant and has a single vowel in
the middle. Just double the consonant consonant and add er to make yhe comparlative and est to
make a superlative.
Adjective Comparlative Superlative
Sad sadder saddest
Wet wetter wettest
Slim slimmer slimmest
Thin Thinner thinnest
Big bigger biggest
Ø Suppose
the adjective has two syllabels and ends in y. Just change the y to i
and add er to make the comparlative and add est to make the
superlative.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
Easy Easier easiest
Funny Funnier Funniest
Dirty Dirtier Dirtiest
Noisy Noisier noisiest
Ø Use
more and most to compare most other two-syllable adjectives. You
will also use more and most with all adjective that have more than
two syllables.
Adjactive Comparative Superlative
Famous more
famous most famous
Handsome more
handsome most handsome
Exciting more
exciting most exciting
Beautiful more
beautiful most beautiful
Expensive more
expensive most expensive
Comfortable more
comfortable most comfortable
Ø Irregular
comparative and superlative forms
a
few adjectives don’t form their comprative and superlative forms in any of the
usual ways. The comparative and superlative form of these adjectives are
different words, called irregullars forms.
Adjective Comparative Superlative
Good Better Best
Bad Worse Worst
Far Farther
or further farthest or furthest
For example :
My
painting is good, Melanie’s painting is better, but Andrew’s painting is the best.
 |
Phares
can be used like single adjective to describe nouns and pronouns. Phares that
are used in this ways are called adjective pahres.
Ø Most
adjective phares come after the word they
describe. Look at these example. The adjective phares are in bold and the nouns
they describe are in color.
Who is he girl with the long hair?
My friend live in house across the
street.
Mrs. Morris
is tall and slim. This is the road to Toledo.
The lady in the bookshop is a friend of mine.
Ø Some
Adjective phares come before the word they describe. The word in these
phares are often joined with hyphens.
a long-legged bird an
eight-year-old child
a well-dreesedn lady a
ten-cent coin
a fun-loving teenager a twenty-story building
user-friendly equipment a large-sized shirt
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