Article

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(PBI 1B)

THE ARTICLES

Articles is an adjective that used to refer the specific and particular things or non-specific and non-particular things. It can modify nouns. Article located in front of nouns. English has two kind of article, there are Indefite article (a/an) and Definite article (the).

A.Indefinite article (a/an)

Indefinite article (a/an) is used to modify non-specific or non-particular nouns. It is used to refer thing or person in general.

Example: "I would like to read a book". Here, we are not talking about a specific book, but we are talking about any book in general. There are many books and i want to read any books. I don't have a specific one in mind.

"A", used before nouns that begin with a consonant (example: a book, a ruler, a movie, a cat, a mouse, a house, a horse, etc). It is also used before nouns that begin with some vowels that have a consonant sound as well as vowel sound (example: a uniform, a unversity, a European, etc).

"An", used before nouns that begin with a vowels (example: an apple, an elephant, an umbrella, an island, etc). It is also used before some words that begin with a silent h (example: an hour, an honor, etc).

"A/An" are used before the name of Nation and Religion (example: an English, an Indonesian, a European, a Moslem, a Christian, etc). They are also used before when talking about profession (example: an english teacher, a pilot, a lecturer, a student, a manager, an artist, etc), and used before noun that representative another nouns from their colony (ex: A palm tree is usually very high, a cat can catch a mouse, etc). They are not used before plural noun.

B.Definite article (The)

"The" is used before singular or plural nouns to refers specific or particular member of a group. It is used before a noun when you are talking to someone who already knows which person or thing you mean.

Example : "Who is the man outside the gate ?". Here, we are not talking about any man but we are talking about particular man who located outside the gate.

            “The’’ with adjectives used as nouns (example: the British, The poor). “The” in phrases after words expressing quantity (example: most of the students, many of the persons, the majority of the teachers). Something uniqe/ when there is only on thing mentioned such as (example: the sun is shining, the sky is blue). To the objects that had first called but objects that is known by the listener (example: where is Novi? She is in the classroom). It used before cardinal number (example: she is always the first to come).

            NOTE:

definite article THE can’t used to

a.       Nouns not mentioned spesifications or located (example: I like reading books, Goats hate water).

b.      For the name of country and a mountain (example: Mount Bromo, Indonesia country)

c.       For the name of street and city (example: on Pahlawan street, In Gresik)

d.      For the name of season (example: summer, winter, rainy, autumn, spring, dry season)

e.       For the name of meals (example: breakfast, lunch, dinner)

Indefinite article (A/AN) never used for uncountable noun and plural noun.

Nouns maybe not need article (zero article) its mean the kind of things or noun over all in general (example: girls usually love flower, Milk is very good for maintaining our health an fit).

Source:

1.      Complete English Grammar/Suryadi Junaida,Pustaka Pelajar, 2011

2.      Basic English Grammar

3.      PPT Mrs. Noviani Anggraini, M.Pd